Helping a client eat safely is a core PSW skill. For clients with swallowing problems (dysphagia), poor technique can lead to choking or aspiration — so this topic is taken seriously on the exam.
What Is Dysphagia?
Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing. Food or liquid can go into the airway instead of the stomach (aspiration), which can cause pneumonia. Many older adults and stroke survivors have some degree of dysphagia.
Safe Positioning
- Sit the client fully upright (90 degrees) for meals.
- Keep them upright for 30 minutes after eating.
- Make sure they are alert before offering food.
Safe Feeding Steps
- Offer small bites and sips.
- Allow plenty of time — never rush.
- Make sure each mouthful is swallowed before the next.
- Follow the care plan for thickened liquids or texture-modified food.
- Watch for coughing, choking, or a wet, gurgly voice — stop and report.
Encourage Independence
Let clients do as much as they safely can. Offer adapted utensils and gentle encouragement rather than taking over.
🔑 Key Takeaways
- Dysphagia = difficulty swallowing; risk of aspiration.
- Sit clients fully upright to eat and 30 min after.
- Offer small bites, never rush, one swallow at a time.
- Coughing or wet voice = stop and report.